A)  Diabetes mellitus 1:  (diabetes juvenile, diabetes insulin-dependent)

1)  Diabetes Mellitus 1:
Appears when the pancreas stops producing insulin, it is usually hereditary and it’s present generally in childhood and puberty, from 8 to 15 year olds.  It affects the 10% of the diabetic patients.  It’s a chronic, auto-immune disease, generated by an ill pancreas, with not beta cells; the beta cells are insulin producers and they are destroyed; a pancreas with no beta cells that don’t generate insulin turns into an insulin consumption dependent diabetic body.  The body requires insulin to use the glucose, the simple sugar I which the digestive system decomposes most foods.  Without insulin, the body starves.  This is also called juvenile diabetes and it is characterized by a very low or non-existent insulin production and they depend on injecting this hormone in order to survive.  It is advisable to follow a strict sugar consumption diet.  Diabetes type 1 is more severe than type 2.
Between the principal symptoms of diabetes type 1 we have:
Excessive thirst, excessive need to urinate, hunger, fatigue, blurry vision, nauseas, vomits and weight loss.  The patient with diabetes type 1 generally develop symptoms in short time and the illness, with frequency, it is diagnosed in a E.R.
This treatment is unique; a special vegetarian diet, physical activity, daily glucose tests at home and daily insulin injections or use an insulin infusion bomb in order to survive.
The nutritional ingestion  in diabetes type 1 must be coincident with the action of the insulin; when injecting the insulin it must be at the same time of meals.  It’s good to take some aperitivos after the insulin injection.  The patient must not forget this programming, because this way the patient will maintain healthy glucose levels.

B)  Diabetes mellitus tYpE 2 OR diabetes in ADULTS:

1)  Diabetes Mellitus 2:
This kind of diabetes is the most common and it affects 90% of the diabetic population.  It generally starts at the age of 40 and it is recognized by overweight.  In this type of diabetes, the pancreas produces low insulin, which is not enough for the organism or the organism does not use efficiently because the cells become resistant to the insulin and they don’t use it properly even if the pancreas produces it.  For this, tissues like the skeletal muscle, the fatty tissue or the liver do not respond normally to the action of the insulin and they behave like there is no insulin at all).
Diabetes type 2 can be controlled through a diet and exercise; however, some people need additional oral medication or insulin to help control the level of sugar in the blood, especially when it is out of control. The family antecedents are a very important risk factor of contracting diabetes type 2, just like obesity and lack of physical activity.
a)  Symptoms:
The principal symptoms of diabetes type II are; excessive thirst, excessive need to urinate, hunger, fatigue, blurry vision, infections that heal slowly, sexual impotence in men and the back of the head turns darker then the rest of the skin. 
b)  Treatment:
When the sugar level is not excessively high, is possible to control it with diet and exercise, weekly glucose tests at home and if it moderate, the doctor will prescribe pills for it to reduce.  Only in cases where the sugar level is too high insulin injections are to be used (300 mg/cl)
The important food in diabetes type II can be those that are slowly transformed into glucose (with low glucose index, lower than 55), to help the pancreas.  Howevre, if sugar foods rae consumed (glucose index, higher than 70), are quickly transformed into glucose, causing more work to the pancreas, elevating the level of glucose (sugar) in blood, which is not convenient for the diabetic patient (type II)
Therefore, the patient will have to avoid eating foods rich in carbohydrates, because this helps reduce the amount of glucose produced by the pancreas.  Additionally, they will need a proper diet for obese people.  Finally, a good diet is necessary to clean the blood in a natural way in people with arterial hypertension (consult with our encargados about this particular issue).

2)  Diabetes Mellitus during Pregnancy:

It’s the high levels of glucose in the blood and it develops in any moment during the pregnancy in women who have no diabetes or during the delivery of a baby that weighs less than 4 kilograms (9 lbs).  This diabetes goes away after the delivery.  This type of diabetes during the pregnancy This type of diabetes during the pregnancy appears due to the agglomeration of glucose, with high levels of glucose in the blood because women do not metabolize carbohydrates in a proper way, due to lack of insulin or due to some incapacity to use the hormone properly.
When the levels of glucose in the blood in the mother are very high, the fetus produces additional insulin and acts as growing hormone during the development of the fetus, the result of this is a big and sick baby. The excess of fetal insulin also interferes in the potassium metabolism, causing potentially fatal arrhythmias or an irregular cardiac rythm.  Diabetes during pregnancy is one of the causes of fetal deaths.

a)  Causes:

Between the causes of diabetes during pregnancy are the pregnancies after the age of 35, obesity or having had previous children with weighs higher than 4 kg.